Should Wizard Hit Mommy

SHOULD WIZARD HIT MOMMY MORAL ISSUE John Updike’s story Should Wizard Hit Mommy’ raises a very pertinent and a profound issue. Should parents have the prerogative to always decide what is best for their children? And are children supposed to listen to and obey their parents unquestioningly? Roger Skunk, though an obedient child, is a sad and a depressed one. His awful smell keeps others away and he has no friends. When the Wizard fulfils his wish and Roger Skunk gets the rose smell, he is thrilled.All the other creatures love the smell and play with Roger Skunk. However Roger Skunk’s mother is not happy. She wants her son to get back his original smell. Roger Skunk accepts his mother’s dictate and slowly the other creatures get used to his smell. Jack, who brings this twist in the story, does so to expose Jo to the harsh realities of life. But Jo insists that Wizard should hit mommy, for making the Wizard give Roger Skunk back his bad smell. Jack is adaman t in his refusal to change the ending of the story.He maintains that mothers are always right and that they know best. John Updike thus raises a very relevant question. Are parents always justified in enforcing their views upon their children in an attempt to teach their children what is right and what is wrong. Parents have experience and knowledge on their side whereas children view everything with their heart and want all to be happy and joyous. Parents need to guide their kids but they should also have the patience to respect and consider their children’s viewpoint. MIDDLE POSITIONJOHN UPDIKE in his story Should Wizard Hit Mommy’ portrays Jack as a new age father and a husband. In departure from the past, Jack does try to contribute his bit in helping his wife and look after the kids. It is Jack’s duty to put their four year old daughter to sleep in the evenings by telling her a story. Jack has been doing so for all these years. But now as Jo is growing olde r this chore has become an ordeal for Jack. Jo no longer falls asleep easily. She is an inquisitive child who has her queries and doubts about everything.Jack has little patience for her questions. Jack who is desperately trying to put Jo to sleep also needs to help his wife. His wife, Clare, who is pregnant, is painting the woodwork downstairs. Jack needs to help Clare as she should not be moving heavy furniture. Jack fails miserably on both the fronts. He is neither able to put Jo to sleep nor is he able to help his wife. Jack feels totally miserable and helpless. The monotony and drudgery of married life disturbs and disheartens him.He feels trapped in the cage of matrimony with so many duties and demands, which he is unable to meet and fulfil. Jack tries to be hands on father and a helpful husband. Yet the traces of chauvinism and superiority are clearly visible. He does not like being contradicted by his daughter. He wants women hanging on to his words and not question him. Thu s Jack does seem to be caught in a difficult middle position. He is angry and absolutely frustrated at his inability to do the right thing.

Texts by Peter Skrzynecki

People's perceptions of belonging vary according to the way they see themselves and their world. Individuals feelings of alienation and belonging is perceived by the way they see themselves and their world. As individuals become accepted within their new world, their surrounding forge acceptance, thus alienation becomes less apparent. Individuals foundation of belonging from alienation through the way they see themselves within their world is conveyed within â€Å"The Blind Side†, and â€Å"Felicks Skrzynecki† by Peter Skrzynecki.Within these two texts individuals similarly generate a sense of belonging in despite of cultural differences thus overcoming their struggles to gain a perception of acceptance within their world. Whereas â€Å"10 Mary Street† by Peter Skrzynecki portrays his perception of himself as belonging to his world and within his home. Individuals perceptions of one's self worth within their world effects their sense of belonging. The Blind Sideà ¢â‚¬  is a powerful projection of cultural injustice and the misperceptions of cultural identity that shape an individuals sense of belonging, Michael does not belong within his community. The long shot of Michael sitting in the stands alone projects Michaels isolation from the remainder of his population. This broad shot generates an image which makes Michael seem miniscule within his world and thus his perception of his self worth is conveyed with negative impressions, Michael has no sense of belonging as he sits abounded, alone in a shot which over shadows him. I look and I see white everywhere. White walls, white floors and a lot of white people. † As Michael is being brought into Leanne's family through this dialogue it is conveyed that it is a difficult transition, Michael see's his race as a barrier between the acceptance of his new world, which highlights the void between the rich white population and the less fortunate culture which Michael was born into- Michael doe sn't perceive himself to belong.Through plot development alienation becomes less apparent and Michael is adopted within new culture that he becomes apart of, Michael belongs to his new world. Leigh Anne asked Michael â€Å"You're gonna take care of me right? †, and Michael responds â€Å"I got your back† this conversation highlights the strong bond that has formed between these two individuals, and thus in juxtaposition to the first shot Michael is no longer alone. Leigh Anne is reliant on Michael who has changed her life in a positive way thus Michael's self worth has increased.As Michael is accepted within Leigh Annes family a strong bond is formed within his world. Through his increased self worth Michael feels a sense of belonging brought in spite of his alienation. Through the alienation of cultural barriers individuals sought for other means of belonging. â€Å"Feliks Skrzynecki† explores the hardships of cultural barriers and how these can create alienati on in the failure to belong within his world, similar to Michaels alienation within his world. â€Å"Did your father ever attempt to learn English? , this cruel accusation depicts Australia's unforgiving nature for foreigners failure to adapt to a certain culture. The incapability of Peter's â€Å"gentle father† to change himself to belong to his new world leads to a sense of alienation and an exploration for other means of belonging. Peter writes his father â€Å"Loved his garden like an only child†, and â€Å"He swept its path ten times around the world†, projecting a strong connection that his father has a place that he belongs and is accepted.The symbol that the garden is his child conveys the strong connection that the man and garden have with each other; a child is dependent on its parent to survive and thus this becomes a metaphor for Feliks and the garden- the garden needs Feliks to stay healthy and thus a strong sense of belonging to each other. Feliks continuous sweeping of the path creates a sense of routine which demonstrates a sense of belonging as well as routine the use of a hyperbole emphasizes the amount of time spent in his garden reinforcing the strong sense of belonging experienced by his father.From alienation further means of belonging are sought for as seen through the importance placed on his fathers cultural connective friends to reminisce upon the past, Felicks belongs to the past and places significant importance upon his homeland; where they all feel a greater sense of belonging, â€Å"Talking, they reminisced about farms where paddocks flowered with corn and wheat, horses they bred†. Another connection which generates his fathers sense of belonging is the changing from a farm to a garden where he has always tended to nature and thus this is a place familiarity; a place he feels he belongs.Thus Peter's â€Å"gentle father† is alienated within the Australian culture but has sought for other means o f belonging within himself and his cultural identity, forging happiness and acceptance. Therefore Felicks perception of his own happiness and surrounding have generated a sense of belonging for himself within his garden. Belonging is achieved through an individuals security and belonging to a place as seen within Peter Skryznecki, â€Å"10 Mary Street†. The employment of a personal voice emphasises a sense of authenticity which allows for the theme of belonging to magnified.Skrzynecki's use of first person allows the reader to forge a relationship with the persona thus the composers themes are conveyed with an extension of a sentimental bond. Peter's individual perception that he belongs to his home as well as his parents despite being a migrant disallows for alienation and displays a perception of personal security within his home. â€Å"For nineteen years we departed each morning† like in â€Å"Feliks Skryznecki† a sense of routine provides an impression of a sense of belonging thus bonding the migrants to their new world.Peter presents himself to belong within his world through the perception that he is apart of his home and has been for nineteen years. â€Å"We lived together†¦ With photographs and letters†, â€Å"We became citizens of the soil that was feeding us† Peter uses this metaphor and evaluative comment to acknowledged his heritage but also the link to his new home both providing him with a sense of belonging. Through the individuals perception of security to his home for years a sense of belonging is achieved within his world through his family and home.

Nebobites Ethical Dilemma Essay

This case involves a small public traded company named Nebobites, which manufactures dog treats. Jenny O. , CPA, is the new Assistant Controller for the Nebobites’ company, and her job is to review and audit the financial statements for the 2012 year. While reviewing the financial statements, Jenny noticed the company’s Allowance for Doubtful Accounts balance seemed significantly higher than in the past. This increase in the Allowance account was due to the Bad Debt Expense estimation being based off 3% of net credit sales instead of the prior years’ estimate of 1. %. The increase in Bad Debts expense as a result of the increase in estimate materially affected the 2012 earnings. However, 2012 had been a great year for earnings, so the additional expense did not disturb the earnings growth trend Nebobites’ had experienced in the past. However, upon further research, Jenny could find no justification for the increase in the Bad Debt Expense estimate from 1. 5% of net credit sales to 3%. Jenny decides to approach her boss, the Controller, Maxwell Devious. He tells Jenny he is aware of the practice known as â€Å"income smoothing. Maxwell Devious says showing a steady growth in earnings was essential to keep the Nebobite stock price high as possible as the Smith family planned to sell-off a significant number of shares in early 2014. Jenny feels extremely uncomfortable with this practice, and she knows that this year’s financial statements will retain an overstated Bad Debt Expense estimate and more than likely result in an understated Bad Debt Expense estimate in 2013. 2. An ethical decision must be made by Jenny, because she is going to have to decide what is morally right or wrong. This fake presentation of increase in earnings will potentially affect every stakeholder involved with the company including their shareholders, creditors, management, employees and the customers. This faulty practice will leave an overstated Bad Debt Expense estimate for the year and more than likely result in an understated Bad Debt Expense estimate in 2013. Jenny needs to decide whether she thinks it is more important to look profitable to investors and appear to have greater wealth or is it more important to show creditors that they do not have sufficient funds to cover their debts. She also knows that Maxwell Devious, the Controller, has an employee profit sharing plan, a management bonus plan based on earnings, significant bank loans outstanding and is planning on raising funds through a bond issue in 2014; all of these are affected by the earnings for the year. 3. By deciding not to change the estimate back to the appropriate percentage of 1. 5%, it does single out individuals and the upper management group. These individuals that are Jenny’s superiors simply do not want her to make the adjustment because it is in their best interest (looking profitable & performance bonuses) and not in the company and its stakeholders’ best interest as a whole. It is also a legal violation because the company’s CEO and other top-level personnel should swear that all financial data for the company is relevant and accurate, and they knowingly defy corporate policies and the GAAP. 4. In this particular situation, Jenny is faced with a couple options; some of which are favorable, others not so much. Jenny can choose to abide by her scandalous boss, and decide to go along with the inappropriate change in estimate. This choice may blow over for the time being, but in the long run, Jenny and the company may be audited in the future exploiting their mistakes made in the 2012 financial statements. This could cause Jenny to be immediately terminated when the mistakes were finally found, as well as the possibility of jail time after an investigation and trial. Another possible route Jenny could take would be to report the inappropriate practices to an outsider’s attention, such as an external auditing firm. By doing so, she could save her job possibly for the time the company is being investigated, but may later be fired. Although she will eventually have to find a new job, this choice may save her from being in trouble with the law and potentially boost her chances of finding a new job due to her discovery at Nebobites. Another final option that I would see plausible in this situation would be to simply quit, if the Controller did not want to change the estimation and swear on the financial statements. The legal risk is too high in the case, and you do not want the downfall of Nebobites to be on your shoulders. 5. By deciding to go along with the inappropriate change in estimate, Jenny’s job may be safe for the time being, but in the long run, Jenny and the company may be audited in the future exploiting their mistakes made in the 2012 financial statements. This could cause Jenny to be immediately terminated when the mistakes were finally found, as well as the possibility of jail time after an investigation and trial. This is morally and legally wrong because she knowingly goes against corporate policies and the generally accepted accounting principles in order to reap the benefits. By reporting the inappropriate practices to an outsider’s attention, such as an external auditing firm, she could save her job possibly for the time the company is being investigated, but may later be fired. Although she will eventually have to find a new job, this choice may save her from being in trouble with the law and potentially boost her chances of finding a new job due to her discovery at Nebobites. By choosing this option, Jenny acts in a dignified and legal manner. She knows that she is doing what is right and is protecting stakeholders of the company. The other option of simply just resigning or quitting her position would not have much effect on the company. She is acting morally because she is not going along with the inappropriate practices of Nebobites, but she is not doing what is in the best interest for all stakeholders. The company will most likely find a new Assistant Controller for the operation who will go along with the unlawful scheme. This ultimately resulting in the downfall of the company, when Jenny could have prevented this and saved thousands of jobs by alerting an outside auditor. 6. By alerting an outside auditor to investigate this situation, Jenny does what is in the best interest for all stakeholders. This will eventually reveal the truth and allow shareholders to see the negative affect on stock prices, creditors can be informed on the debt situation of our company and be aware of the risk of dealing with us. Management will be disappointed with the actions of Jenny, in which they sacrificed their performance bonuses and will most likely fire her. The company will still have a chance to flourish, however, when the economy turns back around. By keeping the inappropriate estimate, Jenny will most likely be in the praises of her superiors for the bonuses they received; but, in the longer run, the company’s financial statements will be inaccurate and liabilities to creditors will go unpaid. Shareholders will actual lose more money and the company has the potential to go bankrupt any day if the economy does not take a sudden turn around. The top executives, as well as Jenny, should live in fear of being exploited of their misinterpretations and eventually will get caught up in severe legal trouble. If Jenny simply quit without seeking outside assistance from auditors, she is still acting in a somewhat immoral and illegal manner. This is because the stakeholders of the company will inevitably still be in serious trouble due to the deception of Jenny and the upper management of the Nebobites’ company. . I believe that it is in the best interest for Jenny to consult an outside auditing firm. Although it could potentially make her lose her job when her superiors are notified, it enlightens all stakeholders involved with the Nebobites’ company. The risk is too great if Jenny decides to leave the inappropriate estimate as is; she risks not only losing her job, bu t also risks going to jail, as well as losing her CPA license entirely. It is worth far more in life to be an honest and truthful person who looks out for others than it is to be a deceitful and uncaring.

Concerted activity and social networking Research Paper

Concerted activity and social networking - Research Paper Example The same rationale was applied in the case of Crawford v. Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County of 2009. In this particular case the court held that an employee might not be retaliated against for taking part in an organization’s investigation of a colleague’s complaint (Hogan, 2011). The courts even went on to award a $1.5 million to the staff member who had filed the lawsuit. Even the judge in the Thompson v. North American Stainless case appeared to concur with both judgments when he allowed for a man to sue for retaliatory for being fired just shortly after her spouse filed a sex discrimination charge against her employer who was also his spouse’s employer (Sprague, 2012). It was this kind of reasoning that informed the enactment of the National Labor Relation Act (NLRA) or the law governing the relationship between unions and organization’s management. ... Still the same line of reasoning held sway if a number of rulings that have been made in connection to disparaging remarks made in social media site on employers is anything to go by. The explosion of these social networking has brought about new employment-related issues to the organizations that companies should worry about very much. This explain why new issues like; online harassment and particularly in any of the social sites, theft of company’s secrets by bloggers and ranting from some quarters about YouTube, MySpace, twitter and any other social networking sites; have become common theme is employments seminars. Just as employers are trying to come up with ways and means of dealing with these challenges, a new debate has been kicked-off interrogating the question of whether internet postings constitutes Concerted Activity under the definition of National Labor Relation Act (NLRA).In this regard, NLRA is a law that was enacted in 1935 in order to protect the employeesâ⠂¬â„¢ rights in concerted activity (Smith, 2011). Although the law does not explicitly define what a concerted activity is, case laws have offered what can be looked on as the range of activities that make up concerted activities. These activities include; hour, wages, safety, working condition and also benefits. According to NLRA, these are the activities that should not be prohibited by any policy that a company might decide to implement. As a law, NLRA is the reference point of HR professionals and organizations when it comes to dealing with employees’ social media activities, and particularly Section 7 which provides that â€Å"employees have a right to self-organization, to form, join, or even help labor

European Competition Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

European Competition Law - Essay Example What follows is a general discussion of State Aid in the European Union followed by the Judicial and Academic attitudes towards it in the United Kingdom. Although in the past State Aid was considered a "poor relative" of European competition law and viewed as a rather politically motivated/policy based phenomena. Things have changed in the past two decades however and the EU version of State Aid control has assumed the significance of its American counterpart pertaining to antitrust enforcement and merger control. Every year the EU commission reviews thousands of state aid cases each year, as lengthy investigations are undertaken to and many companies have found themselves going bankrupt following large illegal State Aid repayments. Social contributions and tax benefits and subsidies have been recognised as State Aid alike and likely to distort market competition.The EU's basic aim is to achieve a perfect competition like situation with liberalisation and State Aid control.The EU sta te aid control framework has not spared large financial institutions and multinationals (take the example of high profile disputes like Alstom, France Tlcom, British Energy or WestLB) and this has put these corporate "big fish" much favoured by State Aid previously at their guard from loans and large capital injections,shady compensation for public services, lenient tax measures, and feigned Research and Development measures. 1- introduction ''Effective competition is the best and strongest means to create natural incentives for companies to come up with new ideas and new products.' - Neelie Kroes, EU Competition Commissioner, 2004-2009 It is a trite principle of Economics that State Aid can have detrimental effects on the economy of a country and its trading partners and rivals. It can potentially distort competition and cause wastage of the society's resources by e.g. supporting an outdated industrial structure and delaying a necessary restructuring process in firms. The European Unions efforts to control any measures by its member states to curb competition have made their presence felt for the member states mainly because of the European Unions strict control over competition policy which gives it the power to rule on mergers, takeovers, cartels and the use of state aid. In the recent years the European Union has been able to develop competition regulation into a key area of EU leadership by imposing its rules/policies pertaining to open market competition on member states. Most of these measures have often proved controversial1 as threatening the social market model of its members with its open market policies competition policy dates back to 1957 in the Treaty of Rome wide ranging powers were given to EU authorities to oversee and prevent anti-competitive activities in the firms of its member states. The decades of the nineties saw an increase in the control and activism of the EU in pursuing breaches of competition law, and this contributed to a significant amount of case law as well. Until 2004 these rules were accused of being hot potch and allowing too much interference by the EU authorities in what it deems to be breaches of its Competition regulations.The Treaty of Rome empowers the EU commission2 to investigate the allegations of price fixing, abuse of

GROW Model of Coaching Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

GROW Model of Coaching - Research Paper Example Coaching in the business world refers to providing necessary support to the subordinates in order to uplift their capabilities, attitudes, skills and behaviors in a manner that will produce high and/or desired outcomes. Coaching is performed in many categories such as life, health, sports, relationships, conflicts, business or performance etc. Various approaches have been proposed in each of these categories. In this topic, business or performance coaching will be studied based on the GROW model, and an analysis will be done to understand how GROW model can help the managers and their subordinates, as well as its impact on the organization. Conclusions will be drawn based on findings from the study conducted. What is GROW? The GROW model school of coaching was first developed by Sir John Whitmore, an athlete by profession (Wilson, 2011). GROW is a short form of goal, reality, opportunity and the will to do. The GROW model provides very specific approach to coaching, unlike other mode ls, which will help the coaches in any field as it provides a step-by-step approach to the process of coaching. The GROW model provides a wide range of options in every step for the coach to study, analyze and arrive at a solution. Goal: The goals stage usually precedes all as it involves discussion of the person’s objectives and aims in the short and long-term. The topic for discussion or the coaching session needs to be clarified before beginning any coaching-related activity. The coachee’s long-term aims need to be broken into short-term objectives that are realistic and achievable. This process will help in gaining the individual’s attention and commitment to the coaching process. Umicker asserts that coaching is the first activity that an employee experiences once he joins the organization, which is conducted in the form of orientation and training (McConnell, 2010). The expectations that are set during this period will help aligning the employees to the or ganizational goals, which is critical to the employees’ performance. Reality: The next step to coaching is to identify the real situation, or the reality. This would involve analyzing the current position or situation, and the obstacles that are hindering the coachee’s progress. The best way to undertake this process is to encourage self-assessment from the candidate and to avoid any sort of assumptions from either side. A very effective method for the supervisors or leaders to check reality is to be connected to their employees. An effective method that would assist this process is ‘management by wandering around,’ as explained by Peters and Austin (McConnell, 2010). Secondly, the coach needs to assess the significance and seriousness of the issue and the goal to the coachee; the coachee’s feelings associated with his/her current situation and the goal to be achieved; any other issues that the coachee might have. Opportunity: Once the reality is id entified, the range of options available at hand need to be explored along with the coachee. This process will be most effective when the coachee is encouraged to provide suggestions and ideas along with the coach offering suggestions after a careful examination. A range of options will help in better choices to be made. However, it is also important to note that the choice of option must not be completely vested with the coachee, considering his/her knowledge and

Understanding Management accounting and Financial Management Essay

Understanding Management accounting and Financial Management - Essay Example Understanding Management accounting and Financial Management Considering the cash budget of Mowtown store, the management should be credited for the limited amount that is being paid as payroll as a wage. On the other hand, they have been getting the efficient services from the employees of the store. Another main factor that needs to be considered by the management is that they should look for the same policy reforms that affected their profit to rise with the highest percentage, i.e. the ending balance of February and May will indicate that. The managers must also look for reducing the costs such as shipping costs and maintenance costs. Budgeting and better management decision making and management control: An effective budgeting system will facilitate the management to make an effective decision making, which lead to the results that are expected by the management in the end of a period. Without a proper budgeting and forecasting system, the management cannot predict or decide what steps must be taken to expand or at least maintain the busi ness, what measures should be taken to reduce the overall costs, and how this framework must be established. An improper budgeting system will lead to a frustrated decision making process which might not be in favor of the management or a particular business.Budgets are prepared by the company operatives at various departmental levels; whereas the ‘master budget’ actually highlights the comprehensive financial plan for a particular period. The main objectives of preparing a budget which can also be termed as the advantages can be explained as follows: The budget must be prepared in order to direct the attention of the management to the future trends of the business, based on the results of the present trends and transactions. The budget actually affects the decision making process of the management and helps the system to reform the strategies and policies of the company. It allows the company management to critically analyze the activities running on in the business. T he proper budget allows the management to predict the problems and issues as well as key opportunities that can be controlled or covered in the coming period. The budgeting enables the managers to achieve their objectives as well as important goals of the company more efficiently. A budget will remind the management about what objectives they have set and how they have to carry out those. An effective budget also helps the management in terms of performance evaluation. A budget leads to the management making authorized actions. As mentioned above, an effective budget helps the management process. In terms of this process, the first thing that needs to be considered is the planning period, which should be future-oriented. The proper planning is totally dependent upon the statistics of business, i.e. current financial situation, and most authorized proof for that is given by the budget to the management officials. An effective budgeting will also state the condition regarding the goal s that have been set by the management in the beginning of the financial period, and whether the processes to meet these goals are being undertaken properly or not. This is

Not a paper 4 questions in statistics Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Not a 4 questions in statistics - Research Paper Example According to the sample data. It will not be correct to say featured crimes are likely to be cleared by arrests. One might confuse that many featured crimes are cleared by simple arrests if he or she literary looks at the ps ratios. However, it is pertinent that one looks at the denominator through which the ratios get obtained. According to those statistics, as much as the featured crimes may portray a great figure, the denominator through which they get obtained is not the same as that of non-crime line crimes. Therefore it is not likely that featured crimes will get cleared through arrests. According the five step model, the level of interactivity between the liberal arts students and that of the other students is inverse, although the average figures may suggest otherwise. The liberal Arts major students interact more with the information in the books given that they are just bus a fraction of the students, yet able to achieve an average close to that of other

Restricting Free Speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Restricting Free Speech - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that freedom of speech or rather freedom of expression is the political right to communicate one’s ideas or opinions. While freedom of speech is used synonymously with freedom of expression, the latter includes all acts of seeking, receiving or imparting ideas or information, regardless of the medium use. In this case, it may entail the use of newspapers, the internet, radio, televisions, fliers, and so on. In most cases, governments restrict, with varying limitations, how citizens may express themselves. Some of the most common limitations of speech may be related to obscenity, right to privacy, slander, libel, sedition, pornography, fighting words, hate speech, incitement, copyright violation, trade secrets, non-disclosure agreements, right to be forgotten, public nuisance, public security, public order, classified information, oppression and campaign finance reform. There are those that support freedom of expression and believe th at there should be no way the government should limit it. On the other hand, there are those that believe that freedom of expression may not be an exquisite idea of any community and that the government should limit the citizen from expression themselves or rather communicate their thoughts. This paper will be looking at the second scenario, why free speech should be restricted. The world is made up of a very diverse group of people. There are Africans, Asians, Europeans, Americans, Latinos, and so on. There are also several different races. In some unfortunate instances, there are people from particular races that believe they should not integrate with the other races as they are superior to them. Such groups of people have existed. If people were allowed to practice absolute freedom of expression, then it may turn out gruesome. People would be spouting racist, homophobic, nationalist, and very offensive views about others and on their defense, they would say that they are practici ng ‘free speech’. This is not a very pleasant situation. With the freedom of expression, racial abuse still exists, the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) legally exist and the Neo-Nazis prove particularly difficult to stop. All these are groups of people that preach contempt and hatred towards the minority group that spurs conflicts that sometimes lead to loss of lives. In reality, freedom of speech just exists to promote liberty among different groups of people. Unfortunately, there are those who do not realize this and most of the time misuse the freedom.

Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 84

Essay Example However, these sources ought to be in the references’ list and cited well in the text. This is because they are not original works of the experimenter but just backing his or her information to elaborate more about the phenomenon under study. The experiment ought to have a hypothesis, which in this case is specific, brief and giving independent variable as well as expected outcome in the depended variable. In most cases, this is only in form of a statement expounding the core relationship that characterizes the entire phenomenon. Its structure should be in such a way to catch attention of the reader by giving him or her aim of conducting this experiment. The report should also give detailed information concerning varied materials used in the study and followed procedure. Hence, highlighting how and when one carried out the entire experiment. This encompasses outlining used experimental design, equipments, procedure and mode of analyzing data. In addition, method and materials’ section addresses control measures that were essential throughout the entire procedure such that the reader can effectively understand the entire process. This is to the extent he or she can accurately repeat the method without making any errors that might occur due to misinformation or incorrectly set method. If it is possible, one can utilize diagrams or images of the already set apparatus with the intention of giving the reader view of how the experiment’s set up should appear incase it is very complex. This section also entails vivid description of all apparatus and any other equipments used throughout the entire procedure. In comparison with other sections, the most outstanding feature about this section is the use of both past and active tenses. Since information relayed in this section includes actions that have already taken place. Results’ section comprises of already tabulated outcomes of the experiment either in table form or just mere statements without

British and American Comedy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

British and American Comedy - Essay Example Bridget gets stuck between Daniel’s attractive personality and Mark’s close associations with her. This dilemma of Bridget gets solved through the information she learns from her mother about the real truth of the conflict between Daniel and Mark. Bridget learns that Daniel owing to his flirting character had contributed to breaking the relationship between Mark and Mark’s wife. Thus successfully coming out of the dilemma she decides to stay on with Mark (Maguire, 2001). Dilemma to Comedy In my perception, Bridget Jones’s Diary is truly a romantic comedy. Bridget in her relationship with the two people Daniel and Mark shows a reflection of good amount of emotion and romance, which culminates to putting her into dilemma. The movie in the midst of a romantic whirlpool becomes successful in portraying a comedian character of Bridget Jones. Bridget who frequently takes into alcohol and cigarettes takes the pledge to reduce her overweight. The way Bridget recor ds the same in her diary attracts attention in making it as one of best comedy films. Further, the film has employed many funny dialogues, which owing to their simplicity and straightforwardness made it have a comedy appeal. The flirting activities, which Bridget carries on out of her fantasy for her boss, Daniel Cleaver, also encourage a sense of comic actions. The comedy is best exposed in a boat scene where Daniel in an endeavor to balance himself between two boats one run by him and the other by Bridget loses balance and eventually falls into water. Bridget Jones Diary earns success in becoming a comedian film also because of the way the characters are portrayed in the movie. Bridget’s character enacted by Renee Zellweger has become the main... This essay stresses that  Bridget Jones is stuck in a real dilemma for the existence of two men in her life, Daniel and Mark. Daniel turns out to be her boss and Mark is the person whom she meets at the Christmas Party hosted by her parents. Bridget Jones in the initial stage in more busy involved in a relationship with Daniel Cleaver who also reflects a kind of possessiveness over girls and woman. Bridget despite knowing the fact that Daniel is an occasional flirter continues to share a strong relationship with him by going to dates.  According to the paper findings  the main roles in the movie Some Like It Hot is played by Marilyn Monroe, Tony Curtis and Jack Lemmon. Tony Curtis and Jack Lemmon in the movie play the roles of two musicians who were struggling to settle their career and earn a better livelihood. The names of the musicians, which Tony Curtis and Jack Lemmon portray in the movie, are that of Joe and Jerry. However, these people in a search for a better life and h ave become the center of chase having seen a murder make an endeavor to flee to Florida. The uniqueness in the portrayal of their character involves the turnaround where these two persons, Joe and Jerry decide to hide their original identity and join a musical band group maintained by girls. Joe and Jerry in their disguise name themselves as Josephine and Geraldine respectively. Marilyn Monroe on the other hand known as ‘Sugar Kane’ in the movie plays the role of a principal vocalist and plays a musical instrument for the band.

The Kamba community in Kenya Essay Example for Free

The Kamba community in Kenya Essay Dreams are part of human beings since everyone has them from time to time. They are interpreted differently in many cultures and so their meaning differ with different people. However dreams are connected to the spirituality. Some dreams come as warnings; others come from what the person has been indulging in when they were awake during the day. For example someone could have watched a horror movie during the day and so when he/she goes to bed he/she gets a nightmare; meaning a replay of the day’s activity takes place. Many times people dream and by the morning they can hardly recall what the dream was about. Other people have dreams and exactly how the dream had come something happens in the real life. In some cultures cleansing rites are performed in the homestead when certain dreams come. This is said to appease the spirits and avoid some bad dreams coming into a reality. I will want to focus on an African culture a Kenyan one. Dreams with dead people are considered a bad omen especially if there was physical contact in the dream. It is believed that if cleansing is not done immediately, the person who dreamt or a close family member would soon die. Cleansing involves slaughtering a goat or a sheep and all the blood sprinkled to the spirits (sprinkling to the ground as they talk to the unseen spirits trying to ask for protection) If a person dreams with a snake this is more serious for it is believed that the spirits are not pleased with that family and therefore what follows is a meeting of the elders and the family members and try to search for an answer to who could have wronged the spirits. Dreams of water are considered as good ones and that the person’s spiritual life is clean. If a person dreams with some food such as eating meat in the dreams; this is said to have no remedy, for sure a close person will definitely die. This community takes it that if a person can hardly remember a dream then it is not an important dream and no one dwells there. Interestingly they believe that if by any chance a dream with a deceased person who died at an elderly age, and the in the dream this deceased person asks for anything, and then effort to give the request will be made. (Usually the naming in this community repeats such that if a boy is born the first one in a family he automatically gets the grandfather’s name). So in this case if the old man dies and comes in a dream and asks for anything it is going to be given to this boy – his namesake. There is no known elderly person who died without a namesake and they also say if that would happen then the request would be taken to the grave of the dead person. They also believe that if someone dreams with a small baby then there is certainly going to be an addition in the family either the extended family or the nuclear one. They look at dreaming with livestock as a sign of wealth. This community has belief in dreams involving certain numbers. They don’t take dreaming with a number seven as a positive thing – it is a sign of war. Dreams of fire or smoke are taken as a sign of extra ordinary power. Dreams involving spears, arrows and shield are usually perceived as clear indication of a raid probably from the neighboring tribe. This calls for night patrolling, making cattle sheds stronger so the enemy doesn’t manage to carry the raid operation easily. It is all spiritual based. In the next page I will look at another culture and their understanding of dreams which will be little bit different from this one. Although this is a community in the same country when it comes to dreams and interpretation it is different but the common ground is that both communities see dreams as spiritual messages. The Kamba community in Kenya looks at dream with a dead person very positively. They believe the dead usually returns into this life only in a dream to especially advise those who were left behind and are loved by him (the dead). For this reason the person will keenly try to remember all the details that were said in the dream and follow them to the letter. He will also make it known to the people concerned what the messages were and what is expected of the living by the dead. This has been critical because I have seen people move from place to place because their ancestors visited them in the dreams and asked them to leave. This particular community would have no interest in any dream that involved cattle. They really consider a dream involving a calabash/guard as a very bad thing, since they believe that someone is trying to bewitch them. They will sell anything they have to go to a witchdoctor for protection. Really funny. I will now look at my personal experience as far as dream and spirituality is concerned. I have always had dreams before any major thing happened in my life. Sometimes I actually dreamt with my baby being sick and in three days time that had happened. If at all I will clearly remember the dream in the morning and also remember it during the day then I get sure that it will surely come to be. I believe it is a spiritual voice that comes to me at night is to bring in advance things that are about to happen in the near future. However I try to pray and dismiss the bad dreams which would keep scaring me during the times I remember. I have had dreams of good things which have come to happen in my life. As a Christian I know that there is power in dreams and that it is actually the Holy Spirit who brings these dreams to us, sometimes I know that the evil spirit does also bring dreams especially the terrible ones, I take it as a tool which every Christian has, it is a way that God communicates with his children, to either warn, prepares or to seek the victims heart. In the Bible there are a people who also had dreams and surely they were from God, example when Joseph the foster father of Jesus was given a message by the angel that he should not fear for the child Mary is carrying is conceived by the power of Holy Spirit. When King David had a dream and he called Prophet Nathan to interpret it – David was being warned by God that his act was not a fair one and he would receive the punishment due. So to summarize all this dreams and spirituality always go hand in hand, be it the cultural way of understanding this, be it the Biblical way of looking at it.

Analyze How Embraer Has Structured Itself Economics Essay

Analyze How Embraer Has Structured Itself Economics Essay This paper will focus on the commercial aircraft industry. The report will analyze how Embraer has structured itself and gained competitive advantage in lower end segment of the aircraft industry and then the analysis of cost of capital of Embraer will be projected. The commercial aircraft industry has faced a tough times in recent past which resulted in failures, mergers and joint ventures. The aircraft industry has faced a lot of competition from two of the giants Boeing and Airbus which have dominated the whole aircraft market and has maximum market share. These two giants have huge pool of investment, better infrastructure and government support and because of that they are dominating the aircraft market. All these companies see the current business environment possessing the challenges of a weak global economy and demand due to the economic turmoil, high and unstable fuel costs, and lack of foreign investments. Brazil PEST Framework: Political: Federal Republic framework which is similar to that of United States of America. The federal republic has three independent branches independent branches: executive legislative and judicial. The President heads the executive branch. The increasing divergence between US and Brazilian foreign policy creates high geopolitical risk. This will lead to increasing confrontations between the US and Brazil and the continued decline of foreign direct investment. The main source of violence in Brazil is criminal rather than political. Personal security is poor as there is an extremely high rate of criminal activity in major cities. Police fails to assure safety for citizens as well for business. Brazilian legal system is not very effective and has several faults in them. Honest government is also a big problem in Brazil for ex. the impeachment of a former Brazilian president Mello in 1992 who have been involved in an extortion scheme, and the current corruption scandal of the ruling party of Lula. Inefficient government policies towards economic development of a country for ex. continuous budget deficit, negative net income, high external debt, etc. Poor and inefficient public health and safety conditions infant mortality and mal-nutrition are the leading reasons. Inefficient education system both lack of quality and quantity are the main issues and government is not paying much attention towards this issue. Government regulations favour the minority shareholders. Government policies towards globalisation and openness to market had favoured exports. Economic: Brazil is considered to be as the worlds tenth largest economy and one of the largest economies of South .Its GDP (PPP) per capita is $10,200, putting Brazil in the 105th position in the world. The inflation rate in Brazil is 4.2% which has decreased from 5.9% in 2008. Major export products include aircraft, electrical equipment, automobiles, ethanol, textiles, footwear, iron ore, steel, coffee, orange juice, soybeans and corned beef. The country has been expanding its presence in international financial and commodities markets, and is one of a group of four emerging economies called the BRIC countries. Economic environment still considered volatile as compared to more stable economies. Complex tax policies and regulations. Multiple taxes affecting business plans and increasing risks of contingencies. Considerable bureaucratic rules and regulations for certain businesses and industries. High demand for investments in the distribution channels and infrastructure. Difficulties in reorganizing companies quickly, including high costs for employee terminations. Lack of local financing coupled with high real interest rates. Economic growth risks are high. Private consumption will be constrained by high unemployment and continued erosion of real earnings. The risk of a significant decline in foreign exchange reserves is high because of the economic turmoil. Investment risk in Brazil is much higher than generally perceived. High public debt exposed to domestic interest-rate trends and maturity that is still too short Lack of investment in infrastructure building. Social: The culture of Brazil is very much similar to that of Portuguese culture. The official language of Brazil is Portuguese which is spoken by almost all of the population. Important cultural customs, including a different perception of the due diligence process. Semi-skilled and unskilled labor in certain developing areas. Unequal distribution of wealth a significant portion of the population not participating in the consumer market. Socio-political obstacles to necessary structural reforms (education, social security, job market, taxes, regulations). Technological: In Latin America, Brazil is a leading nation in the field of science and technology. Sectors like bio fuels, agricultural research, remote sensing and aircrafts manufacturing Brazil operate as a global leader. Government put more emphasis on the development of research labs and innovation and RD in these particular sectors to foster growth and development. Overall Risk Assessment of Brazil: Positive Brazil has abundant natural resources. Fiscal and monetary policy has been prudent and realistic. Domestic market potential and low labour costs have continued to attract foreign investors. The current level of growth foster Brazilian companies to be competitive. Strong international financial support. Policy of maintaining fundamental macroeconomic equilibrium. Size and potential of the domestic market. Broad industrial base and a diversified economy. Government policies favoured globalisation. Negative External financing needs are too great in comparison to currency earnings due to the debt amortisation burden. Socio-political obstacles to necessary structural reforms (education, social security, job market, taxes, regulations) Lack of investment in energy, rail, road, port, and airport infrastructure Exposure to fluctuations in world prices for certain staple commodities. Economic environment still considered volatile as compared to more stable economies. Complex tax policies and regulations. Improper financing regulations. Commercial Aircraft Industry Analysis: Embraer is now the worlds third largest aircraft manufacturer they had gained competitive advantage by creating cost- efficient and innovative aircrafts in the lower end segment. Competitive rivalry among existing players: The competitiveness in the aircraft industry is very high but the competition is not very fierce because most of the market is shared between Boeing and Airbus and rest is with Embraer and Bombardier. The aircraft industry is truly a global industry so each of the manufacturers has to think globally. Barrier to exit is very high because of huge investment and high specialised equipments. Boeing and Airbus had gain market share from each other using prices, product design, advertising, and direct selling efforts. Due to the intensity of the rivalry among Boeing and Airbus, the profits are shared. The industry is technically very sound i.e. there is not much differentiation between the players and their products hence, there is much price competition. Threat of new Entrants: Enter into aircraft manufacturing market is very tough because it requires huge capital investment and knowledge of technical know-how. Cost advantages of big players like Boeing and Airbus because they have enormous experience and knowledge about the industry. These two giants have dominated the entire aircraft industry and they also have strong brand loyalty of their products because they are the best in the business. They have a proper network of loyal supplier and distributor for their products and long term after sales service contracts. Threat of substitutes: No immediate substitutes are present for aircraft manufacturers. The players and their products in the industry are substitutes of one another. Bargaining power of Customers: The bargaining power of customers is relatively low in aircraft industries because most of the buyers in the aircraft industries are government of different countries and some private airlines. Aircrafts are very expensive commodities and show high in cost when switching aircrafts because of that the bargaining power is low in aircraft industry. But because of intense competition between Boeing and Airbus the bargaining power of buyers is moderately higher between these two companies otherwise its relatively low in terms of industry. Bargaining power of Supplier: The aircraft industries is dominated by two big giants Boeing and Airbus and they are such big companies that they have more bargaining power than their suppliers so because of this reason the bargaining power will be low in the aircraft industry. The aircraft industry needs huge investments and high class technology the forward integration is very low or impossible for the suppliers. According to this analysis the main components which are needed to compete in aircraft industry are global strategy, cost effectiveness, innovative and high class technology and huge capital. Core Competencies of Embraer which helps them to compete in Aircraft Industry: Country Factor: The Brazilian government has had a strong affect on Embraer. As mentioned, the company was founded by the government in 1969. Before its privatization in 1994, Embraer had established several partnerships abroad and was very focused on exporting its aircraft to new markets. The government does have strategic power and has ability to refuse certain decisions. Global Strategy: Embraer has proven itself a truly global company in many ways. Embraer has more than 90% of its sales outside Brazil. It has a worldwide operation network. It has appeased global investors because it deals mostly in US dollars. Embraer focuses on business growth, solid corporate culture, and strategic partnership to operate globally and market analysis before entering a new market. Economies of scale: Embraer is proved to be a very efficient company in the aircraft industries because Embraer recognises that China has skilled cheap labour and technology intensive manufacturing centre so they have opened their research hubs and manufacturing units in China. Embraer has been able to design common platforms for its aircrafts with superior performance capabilities which helped them to compete in the aircraft industry and now they have become the worlds third manufacturers and they have overtook Bombardiers in several aspects. Innovation: Embraer has focused its RD on the development, systems engineering and integration of the more than 28,000 parts and components that make up an aircraft. Embraers strategy has been to focus its RD funds on key technologies that it can effectively produce in house. It has outsourced the production of components that other companies can manufacture more efficiently. Embraer trains its engineers, not only in aeronautics, but also in market research and finance, allowing a broader understanding of the industry. Determined Approach: Embraer has very determined company they are very much determined of what they are doing and thats why they have succeeded to gain market share from their competitors like Boeing and Airbus. Embraers ability to continually and successfully forecast future global demand and its ability to meet that demand in unique and innovative ways will be the keys to its future success. Cost of Capital Analysis of Embraer: Cost of capital is the minimum required rate of earning or the cut off rate for capital expenditure. Soloman Ezra. To calculate cost of capital we have to calculate cost of equity and cost of debt. Cost of Equity: The minimum rate of return that a firm offers to its shareholders is called cost of equity. Formula: Cost of equity = Risk free Rate + Beta (Mature Market Premium) + Country Risk Premium First to calculate Beta for Embraer: Average Beta = 1.19 Market D/E Ratio = 22.94% Tax Rate = 20.05% Unlevered Beta = 1.00 Cash/ Firm Value = 7.90% Unlevered Beta corrected for cash = 1.09 To calculate Levered Beta the formula is: Levered Beta = Unlevered Beta (1 + (1- tax rate) (D/E ratio) = 1 (1+ (1-.2005) (.2294)) = 1.18. Risk free Rate = Market Interest Rate Default Spread (Brazil) = 8.75 2.60 = 6.15% Equity Risk Premium Brazil = 4.79% * 25.83% / 15.27 = 8.10% Country Risk Premium Brazil = 8.10% 4.79% = 3.31% Cost of equity = Risk free Rate + Beta (Mature Market Premium) + Country Risk Premium = 6.15 + 1.18(8.10) + 3.31 = 19.01% Cost of Debt: (Rf + credit risk rate)(1-T), where T is the corporate tax rate and Rf is the risk free rate. Cost of debt Emerging Market company After Tax= Riskless Rate + Country Default Spread + Company Default Spread (1-T) = (6.15 + 2.25 +2.60) (1- .2005) = 8.79% Sovereign Bonds of Brazil = 2.25 Corporate Bonds of Brazil = 2.60 Country Rating of Brazil is Baa3. WACC Calculation: The WACC equation  is the cost of each capital component  multiplied by its proportional weight and then summing: WACC = E/V * Re + D/V * Rd * (1- T) Where: Re = cost of equity Rd = cost of debt E = market value of the firms equity D =  market value of the firms debt V = E + D E/V = percentage of financing that is equity D/V = percentage of financing that is debt T =  corporate tax rate = 20.05% Market Value of Embraers Equity = 5970531 Brazilian Real for year 2008. Market Value of Embraers Debt = 6990127 Brazilian Real for year 2008. V= 12960658 Brazilian Real WACC = 5970531/12960658 * 19.01 + 6990127/12960658 * 8.79 * (1- .2005) = 10.71%

Management Law Tenants

Management Law Tenants Property management as defined in wikipedia is the operation of commercial and/or residential real estate. The duties of property management includes accepting rent, responding to and addressing maintenance issues, advertising vacancies for landlords, and doing credit and background checks on tenants. One important role of property management is that of liaison between the landlord and tenant. There are several definition of property management, one is that property management might mean keeping their own property safe, secure and pleasant to the eye. For others, property management could mean paying someone else to make sure your property is in tip top shape. Some types of properties that may need property management are; houses, condos, duplexes, town homes, apartments, shopping centers, malls, offices buildings, airports and public transportation buildings, hospitals and many more. Property management is very similar to the role of management in any business. In this coursework the writer will analyze the complaints and problems presented to the property manager of Megadosh Management by their client. To be able to do so we need to define important terms such as landlord, tenant and rent. The writer also presented the roles and rights of each person involve in the business. Property management agreement depends on the service needed by the client. The payment of their service is also mentioned. Upon understanding the role of property management the writer will now present the responses on the letter sent to the property manager. Discussion of each letter and identifying the problem is needed to response on their inquiry accurately. In the conclusion the paper will include his point of view and some important facts. Definition of Terms Landlord as defined in www.lectlaw.com, is an owner of real property who leases (rents) that property to a tenant under a lease agreement. He is bound to perform certain duties and is entitled to certain rights. His obligations are: (www.lectlaw.com) To ensure that he abide on the covenant that they both agree. To secure to the tenant the quiet enjoyment of the premises leased; but a tenant for years has no remedy against his landlord, if he be ousted by one who has no title, in that case the law leaves him to his remedy against the wrong doer. But the implied covenant for quiet enjoyment may be qualified and enlarged or narrowed according to the particular agreement of the parties and a general covenant for quiet enjoyment does not extend to wrongful evictions or disturbances by a stranger The landlord is bound by his express covenant to repair the premises, but unless he binds himself by express covenant the tenant cannot compel him to repair. His rights are: (www.lectlaw.com) To receive the rent agreed upon and to enforce all the express covenants into which the tenant may have entered To require the lessee to treat the premises demised in such manner that no injury be done to the inheritance and prevent waste To have the possession of the premises after the expiration of the lease. Tenant as defined in Thesaurus as the one who pays the rent to use or occupy land, a building, or other property owned by another. In law, the one who holds or possesses lands, tenements, or sometimes personal property by any kind of title. (www.landlordzone.co.uk). Tenants Legal Right and Obligations Commercial Obligation It is the obligation of the tenant to pay the exact amount for rent. It is the obligation of the tenant to pay the rent on time. Commercial Right It is the right of the tenant to have a comfortable property. Residential Right Know the terms of the tenancy. Know the name and address of the landlord (normally included in the agreement) Accommodation which is in a good tenantable state of repair free from defects. Reasonably quick and effective repairs if you report defects. Safe accommodation, all electrical, gas and other systems and appliances meeting modern safety standards and are subject to regular checks. A CORGI Gas Inspection Certificate annually and on entry to the accommodation  Ã‚   Operating instructions, safety warnings and emergency procedures where appliances and systems may be unfamiliar. Peaceable and quiet enjoyment of the accommodation, free from demands for access without notice and/or interference with utilities or other supplies to the property. A rent book if the rent is payable weekly. A reasonable (statutory) period of notice if the landlord wants you to leave. The return of the security deposit within a reasonable period Residential Obligation Give honest and truthful statements during the tenancy application process.   Pay a reasonable (market) rent. Pay the rent as and when it is due. Respect and care for the landlords property, furniture and fittings. Pay the landlord for any damage (beyond normal wear and tear) at the end of, or during a tenancy. Pay the landlord for any exceptional cleaning and rubbish removal at the end of a tenancy. Report defects to the landlord immediately they become apparent. Not use the premises for any purpose other than residential accommodation. Not keep pets, unless approved by the landlord and the tenancy agreement. Not do anything in or around the premises which would cause nuisance, damage or annoyance to the landlord or the neighbours. Not bring into occupation other residents without informing the landlord. (Such additional   adult occupant/s will be required to sign a tenancy agreement) Not leave the accommodation unoccupied for more that 14 days without informing the landlord or his agent. Give notice to quit in writing, which must be at least 4 weeks, where the rent is paid monthly. Not to use the security deposit in lieu of rent. Observe all the terms of the tenancy agreement Property Management Operation of property as a business, including rental, rent collection, maintenance, and so on. Role of Property Management One important role of the property management is to negotiate between the landlord and tenant. The property management should be aware of the laws and rights of both the landlord and the tenant. Problems and conflicts usually arise when the project managers are not aware of the covenants agreed upon by the landlord and the tenant. Property Management is being performed by the project managers. In exchange of the service they provide, property management companies charge landlords a percentage of the gross rent collected each month, in addition to lease commissions. Property managers may manage construction, development, repair and maintenance on a property. A property manager relation with tenants gives a face to the landlord and provides them the necessary buffer servicing their desire to profit and distance themselves from their tenant constituency. The property manager or the property management company has a primary responsibility to the landlord and a secondary responsibility to the tenant. Relationships the property manager or property management team have with the landlord and with the tenant are crucial in forming the expectations of both parties to the lease since both parties will seek and expect certain rights and benefits out of it. Owners expectations from the property manager/ property management team are to carry out the owners instructions, control costs and maximize revenue to maintain a stabilized cash flow as a return on capital invested, exercise control over the building to safeguard the capital invested, provide a duty of care through proper maintenance of the building, to be professional and well informed, enhance the value of the property by making improvements that will increase its market value, retain and enhance pride of ownership Problems in Property Management Property Management is the one responsible for the covenant that the landlord and tenant agreed on. Any problems or violation of the said agreement would lead to problems and misunderstanding of both parties. This is where the role of the property management enters. They are the one who mediate and solve the agreement. When problems happens property management usually work hand in hand with the trained attorneys. During this situation the focus will be given on landlord/tenant law and most commonly evictions, non-payment, harassment, reduction of pre-arranged services, and public nuisance. Therefore, it is a necessity that a property manager be current with applicable municipal, county and state laws and practices. The Megadosh Management In the last few days Megadosh received four letters from their client stating several points regarding their request for maintenance, end of lease and extension of property. Megaosh need to reply on the four letters, to be able to do so we must need to analyze the problems and the covenant between the landlord and the tenant. In the first letter, Mr. Smalls request to renew their lease for another term of 21 years. The landlord has the right to terminate or to not allow the renewal of contract. The request of Mr. Smalls would depend on the decision of the owner as to renew it or terminate the agreement. The contract ends on March 24, 2008, if the owner does not want them to renew the contract the tenant has the right to request for a 3 months extension to have them the time to relocate. The extension for lease may not be given authority of the owner since he is planning to renovate the whole area and putting up building as residential. If given extension on the contract Mr. Smalls still has no right to do the construction without the consent of the owner. In Commercial Tenancies Act R.S.O. 1990, c. L.7, the Lease until Breach (3)  Ã‚  For the purposes of this section, a lease limited to continue only as long as the lessee abstains from committing a breach of covenant is and takes effect as a lease to co ntinue for any longer term for which it could subsist, but determinable by a proviso for re-entry on such a breach. R.S.O. 1990, c.  L.7, s.  20  (3). In this Act of Tenancies it shows that landlord has the right to refuse continuation of lease as well as expanding the property. The Letter forwarded by Ms.K. Holmes of Unit 22 Desolation Row Shopping Centre on February 28th, 2008. Includes suggestion and request for the repair of the part of the structural roof of the Shopping Centre, which directly covers her unit. The tenant asks for the repair to be on summer. She also refuses to replace the lights because she cannot afford it. The question would be who will replace the lights? Whose obligation is it? Specimen Lease of Business Premises includes the following rights of the tenant: the Lessee may occupy and use any portion of the Leased Premises, subject to payment as daily rental for each and every day of the period up to the date of commencement of the Term of the Lease during which any portion of the Leased Premises is so occupied and used by the Lessee, at the end of such period, of the aggregate of the amount determined by multiplying. Internally you said you wanted me to change all the lighting to low energy bulbs, and to renew some damaged plasterwor k on one of the walls. Another question would be who is the legally assigned person to handle the replacement of the light bulb? In the specimen lease covenant it was stated that lessor will be the one who will handle the repair and replacement of the light bulbs. To support the claim of the writer we will present the part of the Generic Lease/ Specimen Lease of Business Premises. Below is part of the Agreement to help Megadosh decide on this matter. Services and Equipment The Lessor shall, at all times during the Term, at the Lessors own expense and to the satisfaction of the Lessee provide for and to the Leased Premises, maintain, and as appropriate, install and keep in good repair and operating condition, all in accordance with the Schedules entitled Standards for Leased Accommodation and Cleaning Specifications appended hereto: a constant supply of hot and cold water to all washbasins and sinks; a drinking fountain on each and every floor of the Building in which the Leased Premises are located; all heat, ventilation, air conditioning, air circulation and humidity control required in and for the Leased Premises; lighting and all electrical power required on the Leased Premises except as herein specifically otherwise provided, and, as lamps, bulbs, ballasts and fuses wear out, replacement thereof; a fire alarm system for use in emergency situations; an auxiliary supply of electricity and power for emergency services and systems throughout the Building, whenever a failure in the normal supply of electricity and power occurs; a constant supply of all dispensary items and deodorant blocks and all maintenance and repairs from time to time required to keep lavatory and toilet room equipment and accessories in good operating condition; removal of ice and snow from all outside parking areas and the roadways, walks, steps and fire escapes leading to and from the Building, all such parking spaces, roadways, walks, steps and fire escapes to be kept, at all times, free and clear of snow and ice; all maintenance and repairs required to keep the common areas at all times clean, tidy, free and clear of any refuse, garbage, waste products and, obstructing materials whatsoever, and in good condition and repair; where available, removal of garbage and recyclable materials from the Leased Premises whenever and so often as may be necessary and, in any event, not less often than once daily, to keep the Leased Premises at all times neat, tidy and free and clear of any refuse, garbage, waste products and obstructing materials whatsoever; all labour and materials for the cleaning of the Leased Premises, the Lessees Improvements and the furnishings therein, the windows of the Leased Premises and the common areas and the Lessor shall, at all times during the Term, clean the said Leased Premises, Lessees Improvements and furnishings, windows and common areas and keep the same clean and free of dust and dirt and maintain the grounds forming part of the Lands in the manner and not less often than as specified in the Schedule entitled Cleaning Specifications; all elevator service required with one or more elevators in operation and available for use at all times, throughout each and every hour of each and every day of the term and the remainder of which shall be in operation daily at all times throughout the period from 6:30 to 18:30  hours in each and every day, except Saturdays, Sundays and holidays observed by the Lessee and on which the Leased Premises are closed to the public generally; window and floor coverings and replacement thereof whenever required by reason of wear and tear; safe and convenient access for persons with disabilities to and from the Lands, the Building and the Leased Premises and the facilities for the use of persons with disabilities situated in and out of the Leased Premises; if so requested by the Lessee, a mutually acceptable location for bicycle racks, provided by the Lessee and in the care of the Lessor, having a capacity of at least bicycles; provide all labour and equipment necessary for the collection, storage and removal of recyclable material in order to comply with the Multi-material and Paper recycling program of the Lessee, to the extent that a recycling infrastructure is operational in the community in which the Building is located, with the understanding that the Lessor will make available to the Lessee any records the Lessor has at his disposal on the total weight of recycled material removed from the Building; Clause # 4 supports the claim of the lessee not to shoulder the expenses for the changing of the lighting and the repair of the plasterwork on the wall. Megadosh can work this out with the owner. It is better to review the agreement carefully to avoid further problem and conflict. Another letter from Mr and Mrs Hiolternionen was forwarded with the subject for early termination of lease. Upon reviewing their agreement it was stated that: ‘If the Tenant wishes to determine this lease on the 25th March 2008 or on any date thereafter and of such wish gives to the Landlord not less than six months written notice and up to the date of expiry of such notice pays all rents due under this Lease and materially performs all the other obligations of the Tenant under this Lease then on the expiry of such notice this Lease shall forthwith determine. A six month rent deposit is still on the hand of the owner. The said amount will be returned when the Lease is at end. In this case the tenant should have given the landlord or forwarded a letter to Megadosh 6 months before they decided to move out. It was clearly stated in the agreement that they should have informed the landlord thru written notice not less than six months. Under the Leases (C0mmercial and Retail) Act 20 01 Sect 119 the lessor may contest termination    (1)       The lessor may, within 14 days after being served with a termination notice, contest the termination by application to the Magistrates Court.    (2)       The only ground for contesting a termination under this section is that— (a)       the lessor acted honestly and reasonably and ought reasonably to be excused for doing the thing that constituted the ground for termination under section 117 (Right to terminate—no disclosure statement etc) or section 118 (Failure to notify material change in disclosure statement); and (b)       the tenant is substantially in as good a position as the tenant would have been in had the lessor not done the thing. The tenant should stay on the location for 6 months until they will be able to get the 6 months deposit they have given the property management. This will be the respond of Megadosh on their letter. If question arises they can read the copy of the agreement signed by them. Until all of their obligations are paid in full the refund for the deposit will be given to them at once. The last letter comes from Mr. Pants he is requesting to let Harry Trash to use the rear part of the yard for repairs. Upon reviewing the lease of Mr. Pants Megadosh found the only restriction on assignment, it contains tenants covenant. The tenants covenant are as follow ‘not without the prior written consent of the Landlord, such consent not unreasonably to be withheld, to assign this Lease; the user clause in the Lease states: ‘The Tenant covenants (a) not to use the building comprised within the premises otherwise than for the retail sale of gentlemens clothing or for such other specific retail purpose as the Landlord may from time to time approve in writing, such approval not unreasonably to be withheld, and (b) not to use the rear yard otherwise than for parking and loading of vehicles and/or for temporary storage of goods in connection with the authorised use of the building.

Genetic Essentialism :: Science Scientific Papers

Coming to live in a new country offers the unique opportunity to look at life from a profoundly different vantage-point. So, during my first two years as a scientist in the United States I’ve often found myself reflecting on how societies differ in fundamental ways in their basic orientation toward life. Many experiences and impressions during this time have dramatically increased my awareness how much all bodies of knowledge — about the ways the world works and the way the world, and we ourselves, are — need to be understood as ‘local knowledge systems’. The concept of local knowledge systems has been developed in post-colonial studies of science, and has been applied in assertions that ‘indigenous’, i.e., non-western, and western ways of knowing are both local in the sense that both are culture-dependent and neither has a claim to universality. (1) From that one could conclude that western science at least functions as a more or less monolithic enterprise. However, although western science as a whole is based on a shared methodology and epistemology, distinct preoccupations of the cultures in different regions of the western world exert powerful influences over the construction of scientific discourses. In the United States, there appears to be a strong need in middle class culture to define oneself through ‘one’s biology’. This ‘biology’ however does not signify the body itself, but a metaphorical, linguistic construction of the self around which many aspects of contemporary life are becoming organized. (2) The central metaphor of one’s biology is one’s genes, and ‘one’s genes’ are seen as the essence of the person. For complex historical, political and cultural reasons, the human genome is increasingly equated with the ‘essence’ of human-ness. Com ing from New Zealand, this definition of identity through a genetically oriented ‘biological’ discourse is anything but self-evident, in fact, it seems deeply culturally determined. Within the scope of this paper, I will not attempt to identify what drives the need for this view of the self, but would like to stress the importance of seeking answers to this question. It seems to me to be a central concern in any critique of the contemporary gene cult(ure) in American society. The growth of a biotechnological economy and the promotion of matching societal attitudes are obviously contributing to this phenomenon, but they alone do not explain the deep resonance a genetically defined construction of human-ness appears to invoke in people’s psyches.

Ghost Story of Manresa Castle at Port Townsend, Washington :: Urban Legends Ghost Stories

Manresa Castle at Port Townsend, Washington The story I was told concerns the Manresa Castle at Port Townsend, in Washington State. The myth surrounding the castle is the usual belief that the castle is haunted. People go to the castle just to hear the cries and feel the tingles of staying there over night. People have also reported that when they have taken pictures while they stay there, they will be surrounded by glowing orbs in the background. The story pertaining to this castle I first heard in a coffee house on Capitol Hill, in Seattle, Washington. Capitol Hill is known for being the stomping grounds of a wide variety of people. There are bohemians, hippies, homeless people, drag queens, and lots of college students due to the fact that there are five colleges in the city of Seattle alone. It is also not so full of tourists, who spend more of their time at Pikes Place Market (also said to be haunted) and the Center. I spoke to the storyteller around two in the afternoon on Friday, March 23rd during my spring break. She works at a local hospital and is finishing up medical school. She is recently married, twenty-four years old, and she grew up in West Seattle. Her mom is Ukrainian and is the principal of an elementary school. She knows of the story after hearing it from fellow students at the University of Washington, where she went for her undergraduate studies. The story was told during a regular hangout, by a girl from a town near Port Townsend. The person I heard the story from doesn't really pay the myth and "ghost story" idea any attention because of its common presence in that area. Washington state is a region known as the "Haunted North West." Capitol Hill has so many "ghosts" that companies offer ghost tours year round. [During the telling of the story there were no meaningful gestures, just pauses when the storyteller couldn't remember certain details, or when she wanted to take more sips of her macchiato. The storyteller did not relate the story with intonation or pitch changes, nor did her rate change. It was more like the stating of facts she knew.] Hmm, one that is still going strong is about†¦ well I don't remember the name but it's this castle in Port Townsend, overlooking the bay.

Norman Jewisons Movie The Hurricane Essay -- Movie Review Essays

Norman Jewison's Movie "The Hurricane" The problem of racial discrimination has been portrayed in many films in the last 15 years. However, The Hurricane does a masterful job at addressing this issue, and will leave audience members clenching their fists in anger at the injustice that happened to a man named Rubin "Hurricane" Carter. The movie demonstrates the racial inequity that can be found in our judicial system through the impressive acting by Denzel Washington and the direction of Norman Jewison. The Hurricane makes you wonder who else has been wrongfully accused in the past 30 years. The Hurricane creates moments of amazing heartfelt punches dealt by Denzel Washington (Rubin "Hurricane" Carter), Vicellous Reon Shannon (Lezra Martin), and the three Canadian friends, Live Schreiber (Sam), Deborah Unger (Lisa), and John Hanna (Terry). All of the actors and actresses produce feelings of love, camaraderie, and determination that causes the audience to jump up and cheer. The movie starts with the story of Rubin Carter and his fight for the middleweight championship. He lost the match in a rigged bout to a weaker opponent. Although, Rubin dominated the ring, he lost the title. The fight foreshadows the racial discrimination that will be played throughout the movie. Later in the movie in the Lafayette Grill two African-American males of middle build murdered three people at the all white establishment. Rubin Carter and John Artis were accused of being those two men. Carter and Artis went to prison for three life sentences. The future looks slim for Carter, however, a pivotal change comes when Lezra Martin discovers Carter's book. The movie focuses on the portrayal of Rubin Carter as he spends 20 years in prison. The a... ... a way that leaves them cheering at the end, takes this film to another level. Jewison has established himself as a great director and reconfirms that with this movie. He is no stranger to racially intensified films. He directed In the Heat of the Night in 1967 and was slated to direct Malcolm X, but refused after a few key people reacted negatively to the idea of a Caucasian male directing the film. The Hurricane, based on the life of Rubin Carter, brings alive the fears, anger, and frustration that he experienced. The Hurricane is no exception for Washington's stunning performances or Jewison's great directing, so if you are looking for a moving, deep, and engrossing film run to your nearest Blockbuster and rent The Hurricane. It is a movie that needs to be seen not just for its value as a good movie, but for its undeniable call for justice and racial equality.

A Marketing Plan for The London Aquarium

This document outlines a Marketing Plan for the London Aquarium. The latter is a suitable choice for such an exercise, as it has significant untapped potential as a tourist attraction in the highly competitive environment of our famous metropolis. The Marketing Plan surveys the environment, and tries to bring all seven elements of the Marketing Mix to bear on strategy for achievement of specified objectives. The website of the London Aquarium serves as the primary source of information for this Marketing Plan. The Environment London has been a leading metropolis of the world for centuries. Its stature as the seat of the British Monarchy and of the Government is enhanced by leading positions in the worlds of finance, international trade, and tourism. The latter is most relevant for the London Aquarium, which is the object of this exercise. The vast numbers of people from all parts of the world, who visit London as tourists every year, are the most important opportunity available for the London Aquarium. The city also attracts significant numbers of domestic tourists. Future prospects are bright as London’s selection for the Olympics augurs well for a steady and growing inflow of tourist traffic. Adverse events in July 2005 have raised questions of security in London. However, city authorities and the national Government have taken a number of effective steps to contain the threat. There are many other cities in various countries that compete with London for tourist revenues and traffic. They probably pose a more business-like threat to the popularity of London as a tourist destination. The London Aquarium does not have the rich historical background of some better-known tourist attractions in the city. Neither does it have the devoted following of some of the most famous annual sports events that are held here. The London Aquarium is privately owned, and therefore subject to more severe requirements in terms of cash flows and the returns it must generate on investment. These are a few weaknesses from which it suffers, relative to other tourist attractions in London. The Aquarium has important advantages as well: the romance of aquatic life attracts virtually everyone. Diverse animal forms can attract more than one visit by each person. Local residents are also potential customers, apart from tourists. The London Aquarium has a convenient location, and is relatively easy to reach from any part of the metropolis. Objectives The Objectives of the Marketing Plan that the London Aquarium may like to consider are: 1.   Ã‚  Ã‚   To register an annual increase in the number of visitors which is not less than the change in tourist arrivals in the metropolis 2.   Ã‚  Ã‚   To increase the number of revenue lines by offering new services to visitors. 3.   Ã‚  Ã‚   To increase the awareness about the Aquarium in the public eye 4.   Ã‚  Ã‚   To improve visitor satisfaction and to respond positively to feedback and complaints 5.   Ã‚  Ã‚   To build further on the quality and diversity of aquatic forms of life in the collection of the Aquarium Strategy How can the London Aquarium use its strengths and the opportunities of the tourist market to achieve the Objectives stated above? One possible approach would be to improve the Interactive Marketing experience. There should be incentives for past visitors to record their experiences and for potential visitors to visit the Aquarium at the next opportunity. This interactive strategy can find applications in all seven elements of the marketing mix. Product Responses from visitors on the Internets lament that the London Aquarium does not offer shows. The Aquarium website does mention educational activities, group facilities, and hire of the site for private functions. The Aquarium could open its Animal Husbandry Department to the public, install digital kiosks that provide information on the exhibits and conduct seminars and workshops throughout the peak tourist season. Overall, there is scope for the Aquarium to shift focus from the tangible elements of its product, to enhancing visitor experience. Visitors should be able to stay in touch with the Aquarium: the website should provide electronic newsletters and sponsor web logs. Internet sites show that some visitors miss marine mammals at the London Aquarium. The management should consider this concrete feedback on technical grounds. Video feeds can serve as an alternative if space constraints prevent the Aquarium from keeping aquatic mammals. Promotion The London Aquarium needs to do more to spread awareness of its charms. It can copy the Euro rail example and use the international network of Travel Agents to make tickets to the site widely available. It would help if Tour Operators could have incentives to bring their clients to the Aquarium. Heathrow, Gatwick and hotels can all help to remind arriving visitors to include the Aquarium in their itineraries. Most tourists would sample fish and chips during their trips: this is another innovative medium to use to remind people to drop in at the Aquarium. Feeds from the live web cameras should be on display at or near key transit points such as Oxford Circus and King’s Cross. Such displays would help at visa offices worldwide. Big Ben and other ‘celebrity’ attractions near the Aquarium can serve as magnets to bring visitors to the Aquarium in droves. The promotion element always requires a mass media element. Television and the print media have influential roles in determining how people spend leisure time in London. The Aquarium could arrange for media coverage of its educational activities, and offer feeds from its live cameras. The promotion element should include the domestic and resident segments, apart from foreign tourists. The Aquarium can make a concerted attempt to draw in crowds from people who visit London from other parts of Great Britain, as well as from the large metropolitan population that is always on the lookout for new diversions. There is tremendous scope for the London Aquarium to promote its many attractions more extensively and persuasively. This is the single most important element on which the Aquarium can concentrate for short-term gains in the number of visitors. Price It should not cost almost $10 for a child to visit the Aquarium. The family price of $50 probably keeps many people away. The Aquarium should consider staying open beyond 6 pm in summer and aim for drastic volume growth. Pricing for large groups and for children needs review. The Aquarium can expand on its offerings of mementos to build a full-fledged retail outlet, as well as to provide for catering. It should not count on ticket sales alone for revenue. Place The basement of the County Hall is not enough for the London Aquarium to compete to its full potential. It should consider awarding franchises for independent operators to offer aquatic exhibits, using the London Aquarium’s goodwill and expertise. The Aquarium has a wealth of knowledge on habitats. It also has unparalleled genetic resources. Many services and institutions in London that depend on tourism, can spread their overheads better by offering displays, exhibits and shows, under the London Aquarium umbrella. The aspect of ticket sales covered under the promotion element earlier in this document has implications for distributions as well. Distribution, as with promotion, has high scope to improve the Aquarium’s volume of business. It can also change the nature of the enterprise, keeping the possibilities of high technology in view. The Aquarium can also benchmark its practices against famous hotel and food chains, and excel in franchise management. Such an approach will help the Aquarium leap over space constraints at its present location. People It may be that the London Aquarium depends mostly on biologists to run the enterprise. It will be useful to recruit or to outsource Services Marketing expertise. The Aquarium may also wish to engage people trained in Interactive Marketing, to provide information to visitors and to ensure that they all enjoy their visits. Operations should be seen from a marketing standpoint and not merely in technical grounds. Process Visits to the Aquarium, educational programs, private events, live web cameras, and the website are the main points of interaction between the institution and the international public. Each of these types of transactions can do with the benefit of process analysis, to strengthen Internal Marketing. Employees will need both material resources as well as emotional support to make a success of the new strategy. The process element can ensure that the Aquarium arranges for such provisions comprehensively and affordably. Physical evidence The indoor location of the Aquarium is a constraint in terms of physical evidence. The Aquarium should try to build networks with the Zoo, Botanical Gardens, and authorities responsible for the Thames, to use outdoor locations and thereby improve the physical evidence element. This matter has also been discussed under the distribution element. Conclusions The vast size of the London market for tourism leaves scope for the London Aquarium to review its marketing strategies and to plan for a bigger future. It has excellent material resources in terms of specimens and expertise. The Aquarium has kept abreast of cutting-edge digital technology, with a colorful and informative website, and with live web cameras. It can now upgrade and coordinate all seven elements of the marketing mix to provide an enriched and highly responsive experience for customers. The Aquarium should develop a Service Mission to enthuse its staff. All personnel should commit to the Marketing Plan Objectives. A pervasive determination to provide visitors with superior experiences, and to compete with other London attractions, will make a grand success of the new strategy. Works Cited About us, The London Aquarium, not dated, retrieved November 2005: < http://www.londonaquarium.co.uk/about/index.html>            

Solid Waste Management In India Environmental Sciences Essay

In this study, around jobs in unfluctuating dotty watchfulness in India leave al champion be discussed every bend acceptable as the attempts made by the authorities and the occupants of India to assist cut have the jobs in eviscerate kill the steadfast intemperancefulness generated by the occupants.Backgroundmap_of_india50.jpgIndia is cognize as one of the most dumbly repairtled states in the universe. It appears to be the second state to hold the highest figure of occupants. With the wide population of 1.2billions, the trouble of steady ravage in India has encountered jobs. Each twelvemonth, the population grew by 3-3.5 % , as this factor arises, the rate of hard bluster genesis in any event move up to 1.3 % . The unattackable lavishness pleader members in India must form and pull off the room magnificently in order to supply a burst life environment to the worlds, animate beings and workss. An splendiferous material overplus direction in like mod ality helps in supplying a good environment which has get-go contaminations including air, dirt, and H2O pollutions. on that pointfore, at that place argon Torahs, regulations, regulations, statute laws and regulations enforced by the authorities to do the citizens adhere to as one of the shipway of pull hit the waste genesis.The forefront metropoliss in India, Mumbai and parvenu Delhi have appe bed to be in the itemization of 25 Most Dirtiest Cities in The World. Mumbai and revolutionary Delhi placed at 7th and twenty-fourth topographic points severally which the latter is less(prenominal) soiled.Problem looseness direction is the chief job in India, faced with fast population growing, disorganisation of metropolis authoritiess, a deficiency of semi macrocosm ken and network of public. Furthermore the inadequacy municipal substantial waste aggregation and illicit requisition of municipal consentaneous waste and improper processing of solid waste back to a faul t lend to chief jobs waste direction this is due to missing of close to technique, actions and direction from governments to better municipal solid waste.Effects ON POOR abandon MANAGEMENT health issue is the study job in India as some(prenominal) of the disease came from the pollutions made by them.Health issue arise due to low waste direction for exemplar is malnutrition, in particular the kids which is the status that receives when the organic structure does non profit the right sum of the vitamins, minerals, and separate foods it ask to keep healthy tissues and organ map. ( medical exam dictionary,2012 )Furthermore, wellness issue such(prenominal) as dandy fever, febrility, Hepatitis, TB, malaria, pneumonia, and to a fault hapless sanitation due to hapless waste direction.India besides ranked 3rd among the states with the most human immunodeficiency virus affected.Due to hapless waste direction by the governments, handiness of clean and safe H2O is minimized becau se of people threw tripe at the river and the quality of life will diminish.PROBLEM Resolution THE MANAGEMENTThere are many attacks through with(p) by the state in pull offing the solid waste coevals. maven of the ways is by jurisprudence enforcement.These are the Torahs that are regulated in the state One of the governments that responsible is means of Environment and Development, Thiruvananthapuram ( CED ) is the core group of Excellence ( CoE ) of Ministry f Urban Development, organisation of India on solid waste and effluent direction . The chief aim of the ( CoE ) is to develop the scheme and model for solid waste direction ( SWM ) and snitchwater direction ( WWM ) in the Urban local organic structures ( ULBs ) of India and besides to established of a cognition Centre on solid waste and waste H2O direction. archetype of waste direction system National Acts of the Apostless and regulationsNATIONAL ACTS AND RULESThe waterA ( immobilize and control of pollution ) Act, 19 74The H2O ( criterion and command pollution ) regulations,1975The H2O ( keep out and command pollution ) CESS ACT, 1977H2O A ( bar and control of pollution ) A CESS RULES, 1978The air ( bar and control of pollution ) act, 1981The environment ( Protection ) Act, 1986The Bio medical waste ( Management and managing ) regulations, 1998municipal solid waste ( direction and managing ) regulations 2000The fictile waste ( direction and managing ) regulations, 2011E-wasteA ( direction and managing ) regulations, A 2011EPA -Rule and Implementation discipline for Standards of Performance for Municipal Solid Waste LandfillsEPA-Non-hazardous Waste RegulationsEPA Municipal Solid Waste Landfill RegulationsLegislative acts, Regulations, and Regulatory GuidanceExample of waste direction system in province of IndiaThe Karnataka town and state planning act, 1961Shimla municipal corporation ( sanitation and public wellness ) Bye-laws, 2004Municipal Corporation of Brihanmumbai, municipal solid waste ( prohibition of littering and ordinance of segregation, retentiveness, bringing & A aggregation ) regulations 2006 great Mumbai cleanliness and sanitation bye-laws 2006Andrha Pradesh H2O resources regulative military commission act Andrha Pradesh H2O reform ( 2009 )TechniqueAction1.municipal solid wastes aggregationS State authorities should implement a new strategiy which prohibit littering of municipal solid waste in metropoliss towns and urban countries. The undermentioned stairss shall be taken by the municipal authorizationOrganizing door-to-door aggregation of municipal solid wastes through any of the methods, for illustration community bin aggregation ( rudimentary bin ) , door-to-door aggregation, aggregation on regular pre-informed timings and programming by utilizing doorbell tintinnabulation of musical vehicle ( without transcending deductible noise degrees )Planing a systematic manner and united attempt for aggregation of waste from poorness countries or vicini ties including hotels, eating houses, way composites and commercial countries.Bio-medical wastes and industrial wastes shall non be unite with municipal solid wastes and such wastes should abide by the regulations individually specified for the intent.Horticultural and expression or destruction wastes or debris shall be individually collected and attached off following proper norms. Similarly, wastes generated at dairies shall be regulated in symmetry with the State Torahs.Isolated animate beings such as Canis familiariss and cats shall non be allowed to cash in ones chips about waste storage installations or at any otherwise topographic point in the metropolis or town and shall be managed in contour with the State Torahs.The municipal authorization shall discuss waste aggregation agenda in vicinities.2.Segregation of municipal solid wastesSegregation stuffs should be done by municipal authorization by promote recycling and reused waste by create or organized an consciousn ess plans and run. The municipal authorization shall take in charge phased plans to guarantee community figure in waste segregation programmed. For this intent, the municipal governments shall set out up regular meetings at quarterly intervals with representatives of local occupant public assistance associations and non-governmental organisations.3.Storage of municipal solid wastesMunicipal governments shall set up and keep storage installations in such a mode as they do non relieve oneself unhygienic and in healthful conditions around it. There is some illustration standards shall be taken to set uping and keeping storage installationsThe measures of waste coevals should be counted in order to make adequate storage installations in a given country and the population densenesss. Furthermore, a storage installation shall be so located that it is accessible to user.Storage installations to be set up by municipal governments or any other spot shall be so designed that wastes stored are non opened to open atmosphere and shall be aesthetically acceptable and user-friendly.4.Transportation system of municipal solid wastesVehicles used for transit of wastes shall be covered. Waste should non be seeable to public, nor exposed to open environment forestalling their dispersion and unpleasant odor. The undermentioned standards shall be met isThe storage installations set up by municipal governments shall be daily attended for clarification of wastes. The bins or containers wherever placed shall be cleaned before they start overruning.5.Processing of municipal solid wastesTo minimise load on landfill the municipal governments shall follow suited engineering or combination techniques to treat the municipal solid waste.The biodegradable wastes shall be processed by composting, vermicomposting, anaerobiotic digestion or any other appropriate biological processing for stabilization of solid waste.Assorted waste incorporating redeemable resources shall follow the path of recycling. Incineration with or without push recovery including pelletisation can besides be used for treating wastes in specific instances. Municipal authorization or the operator of a installation wishing to utilize other state-of-the-art engineerings shall near the Central pollution Control Board to acquire the criterions set down earlier using for hold of mandate.RECCOMENDATIONSEven though the state already has Torahs, but there are one job that caused the direction to neglect the overpopulation. India is a underdeveloped state where the population exceeds the bound, low degree of instruction, hapless installations, unstable scotch system and hapless hygiene. What our group could influence is encounter the overpopulation job. Overpopulation permits the more waste coevals which adds to more jobs to the preexistent waste direction. The direction must believe increasingly as the rate of the population progresses. Besides, the direction must be able to anticipate the gli de slope jobs in respect of the promoting rate of population. It is besides recommended that the authorities should set instruction as one of the precedences so that nearing the citizens sing the wideness of appreciating the female parent s temperament would be easier.